The Pawpaw: An Easy to Grow Tree with Tasty Fruit
2023-07-14
LRC
TXT
大字
小字
滚动
全页
1It can be difficult to know which plants and trees will perform best and produce healthy fruits and vegetables where you live.
2For Americans, one possible choice is the pawpaw, a tree that looks tropical but is native to much of North America.
3Associated Press writer Jessica Damiano is an expert in plants and gardening.
4She writes, "Also known as Hoosier banana, poor man's banana and false banana, the sadly underused (pawpaw) will transport you to the tropics."
5Pawpaw trees can be found growing wild from southern Ontario in Canada, to neighboring Michigan in the northern United States.
6The trees are also commonly found in western New York and in the southern states of Texas and Florida.
7Pawpaws are known to grow well across large areas of the U.S.
8The small, triangular trees can reach heights up to nearly eight meters.
9They love humid weather and are highly resistant to freezing.
10The branches are covered by maroon-colored blossoms in the spring.
11Then groups of heavy, eight-to-12-centimeter-long fruits that look like mangoes start to develop.
12In autumn, the trees' yellow or gold leaves will brighten your property.
13And deer usually avoid the trees.
14Damiano writes that pawpaw care is quite easy compared to many kinds of fruit trees.
15The trees should be placed in areas that receive full or partial sunlight.
16It is also good to provide some wind protection.
17And pawpaws should be planted in well-draining, slightly acidic soil with a pH level between 5.5 and 5.7. A pH level below seven is considered acidic.
18Young trees should be watered often for a year or two until they are fully established.
19Gardeners can also add a 20-20-20 fertilizer mix once a month in April, May and June only.
20As far as other care, you should try to remove any growth that forms around the base of the tree.
21Pawpaws are not invasive but will expand outward if not controlled.
22Damiano writes that in most cases, growers will need to start with grafted pawpaws, called cultivars, to ensure cross-pollination and fruit production.
23Look for grafted cultivars named Davis, Mary Foos Johnson, Overleese, Sweet Alice and Taylor.
24These pawpaws should produce fruit in a few years, as opposed to seed-grown trees, which can take six to 10 years.
25If you can, avoid buying trees that have been grown in fields and then dug up to sell.
26This process risks damaging pawpaws' long taproots.
27The taproot helps the tree effectively take up water.
28Harvest the fruits in late summer when they are soft to the touch and easily come apart.
29To outsmart birds and other wildlife that may try to take perfectly ripe fruit, you can pick them a little sooner.
30But be aware that hard pawpaws picked too early will not fully ripen once picked.
31Some people are sure that pawpaw fruit tastes like bananas while others say they taste more like papayas.
32Whatever the taste, this highly nutritious fruit is rich in vitamins, minerals and amino acids.
33It can be eaten straight off the tree or cooked to make foods like puddings, smoothies, muffins, cakes and breads.
34When preparing those foods, however, the fruit's thick skin and seeds should be thrown away because they can contain poisonous substances.
35Some people in the U.S. might want to taste pawpaws before making the decision to grow them.
36But that could be difficult.
37This is because pawpaw fruits only stay fresh for a few days, making them difficult to transport.
38So, most markets do not carry them.
39That means one of the only ways to experience pawpaws is to grow them yourself.
40I'm Bryan Lynn.
1It can be difficult to know which plants and trees will perform best and produce healthy fruits and vegetables where you live. 2For Americans, one possible choice is the pawpaw, a tree that looks tropical but is native to much of North America. 3Associated Press writer Jessica Damiano is an expert in plants and gardening. She writes, "Also known as Hoosier banana, poor man's banana and false banana, the sadly underused (pawpaw) will transport you to the tropics." 4Pawpaw trees can be found growing wild from southern Ontario in Canada, to neighboring Michigan in the northern United States. The trees are also commonly found in western New York and in the southern states of Texas and Florida. 5Pawpaws are known to grow well across large areas of the U.S. The small, triangular trees can reach heights up to nearly eight meters. They love humid weather and are highly resistant to freezing. 6The branches are covered by maroon-colored blossoms in the spring. Then groups of heavy, eight-to-12-centimeter-long fruits that look like mangoes start to develop. In autumn, the trees' yellow or gold leaves will brighten your property. And deer usually avoid the trees. 7Damiano writes that pawpaw care is quite easy compared to many kinds of fruit trees. The trees should be placed in areas that receive full or partial sunlight. It is also good to provide some wind protection. And pawpaws should be planted in well-draining, slightly acidic soil with a pH level between 5.5 and 5.7. A pH level below seven is considered acidic. 8Young trees should be watered often for a year or two until they are fully established. Gardeners can also add a 20-20-20 fertilizer mix once a month in April, May and June only. As far as other care, you should try to remove any growth that forms around the base of the tree. Pawpaws are not invasive but will expand outward if not controlled. 9Damiano writes that in most cases, growers will need to start with grafted pawpaws, called cultivars, to ensure cross-pollination and fruit production. Look for grafted cultivars named Davis, Mary Foos Johnson, Overleese, Sweet Alice and Taylor. These pawpaws should produce fruit in a few years, as opposed to seed-grown trees, which can take six to 10 years. 10If you can, avoid buying trees that have been grown in fields and then dug up to sell. This process risks damaging pawpaws' long taproots. The taproot helps the tree effectively take up water. 11Harvest the fruits in late summer when they are soft to the touch and easily come apart. To outsmart birds and other wildlife that may try to take perfectly ripe fruit, you can pick them a little sooner. But be aware that hard pawpaws picked too early will not fully ripen once picked. 12Some people are sure that pawpaw fruit tastes like bananas while others say they taste more like papayas. Whatever the taste, this highly nutritious fruit is rich in vitamins, minerals and amino acids. 13It can be eaten straight off the tree or cooked to make foods like puddings, smoothies, muffins, cakes and breads. When preparing those foods, however, the fruit's thick skin and seeds should be thrown away because they can contain poisonous substances. 14Some people in the U.S. might want to taste pawpaws before making the decision to grow them. But that could be difficult. This is because pawpaw fruits only stay fresh for a few days, making them difficult to transport. So, most markets do not carry them. 15That means one of the only ways to experience pawpaws is to grow them yourself. 16I'm Bryan Lynn. 17Jessica Damiano of The Associated Press reported this story. Bryan Lynn adapted the report for VOA Learning English. 18___________________________________________________________________ 19Words in This Story 20tropical - adj. of, relating to or happening in the tropics 21humid - adj. hot and slightly wet 22blossom - n. a small flower, or the small flowers on a tree or plant 23drain - v. when liquid flows out of something 24fertilizer - n. a natural or chemical substance you put on land in order to make plants grow well 25invasive - adj. moving into all areas of something and very difficult to stop 26graft - v. to join a piece cut from one plant onto another plant 27pollinate - v. to carry pollen from a male part of a flower to the female part of another flower of the same type 28ripe - adj. completely developed and ready to be collected or eaten 29______________________________________________________________________ 30What do you think of this story? We want to hear from you. We have a new comment system. Here is how it works: 31Each time you return to comment on the Learning English site, you can use your account and see your comments and replies to them. Our comment policy is here.